What Is a soft 17 In blackjack️

Blackjack is a popular casino game that requires a combination of skill and strategy. One of the key concepts players need to understand is the term “soft 17.” This article will delve into what a soft 17 is, how it differs from a hard 17, and its implications in the game of blackjack. Understanding Soft and Hard Hands Before diving into the specifics of a soft 17, it’s essential to understand the difference between soft and hard hands in blackjack. Hard Hand A hard hand is any hand that does not include an Ace counted as 11.

  • Lucky Ace Palace
    new
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Cash King Palace
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Flush Lounge
    Opulent Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

Source

  1. What Is a soft 17 In blackjack️
  2. What Is a soft 17 In blackjack️
  3. What is a hard 15 in blackjack
  4. What is a hard 15 in blackjack
  5. What Is a soft 17 In blackjack️
  6. What Is a soft 17 In blackjack️

What Is a soft 17 In blackjack️

Blackjack is a popular casino game that requires a combination of skill and strategy. One of the key concepts players need to understand is the term “soft 17.” This article will delve into what a soft 17 is, how it differs from a hard 17, and its implications in the game of blackjack.

Understanding Soft and Hard Hands

Before diving into the specifics of a soft 17, it’s essential to understand the difference between soft and hard hands in blackjack.

Hard Hand

  • A hard hand is any hand that does not include an Ace counted as 11.
  • Examples: 10-7 (total 17), 9-8 (total 17), 6-5-6 (total 17).

Soft Hand

  • A soft hand includes an Ace that can be counted as either 1 or 11 without causing the player to bust.
  • Examples: Ace-6 (soft 17), Ace-5 (soft 16), Ace-2 (soft 13).

What Is a Soft 17?

A soft 17 is a blackjack hand that includes an Ace counted as 11, along with any combination of cards that add up to 6. The most common example is Ace-6.

Key Characteristics of a Soft 17

  • Flexibility: The Ace can be counted as 1 or 11, providing flexibility in decision-making.
  • Potential for Improvement: Since the hand is not yet at 17 when the Ace is counted as 11, there is room to improve the hand without risking a bust.

Dealer Rules and Soft 17

In many blackjack variations, the dealer must follow specific rules regarding soft 17. These rules can significantly impact the game’s dynamics and the player’s strategy.

Dealer Must Hit on Soft 17

  • House Edge: If the dealer must hit on a soft 17, the house edge increases slightly.
  • Player Strategy: Players need to adjust their strategy to account for the increased likelihood of the dealer improving their hand.

Dealer Must Stand on Soft 17

  • House Edge: If the dealer must stand on a soft 17, the house edge decreases slightly.
  • Player Strategy: Players can be more aggressive in their betting and strategy, knowing the dealer is less likely to improve their hand.

Implications for Players

Understanding the concept of a soft 17 and the dealer’s rules can help players make more informed decisions during the game.

Basic Strategy Adjustments

  • Hit or Stand: Players should consider hitting on soft 17 if the dealer shows a strong upcard (e.g., 7, 8, 9, 10, or Ace).
  • Double Down: Depending on the dealer’s upcard, doubling down on soft 17 can be a viable strategy.

Example Scenarios

  1. Dealer Shows a 6: If the dealer must hit on soft 17, the player should stand on soft 17, as the dealer is likely to bust.
  2. Dealer Shows a 9: If the dealer must hit on soft 17, the player should consider hitting or doubling down on soft 17, as the dealer has a strong hand.

A soft 17 is a crucial concept in blackjack that can significantly impact the game’s outcome. Understanding the difference between soft and hard hands, the dealer’s rules, and the implications for player strategy is essential for anyone looking to improve their blackjack skills. By mastering the nuances of a soft 17, players can make more informed decisions and potentially increase their chances of winning.

Soft 17 vs hard 17 blackjack

Blackjack is one of the most popular casino games, known for its simplicity and strategic depth. One of the key decisions players face is understanding the difference between a “Soft 17” and a “Hard 17.” This distinction can significantly impact your gameplay and decision-making process. Let’s delve into what these terms mean and how they affect your blackjack strategy.

Understanding Soft 17 and Hard 17

Soft 17

  • Definition: A Soft 17 is a hand that includes an Ace counted as 11. For example, an Ace and a 6 make a Soft 17.
  • Flexibility: The Ace in a Soft 17 can be counted as either 1 or 11, providing flexibility in your hand’s value.
  • Example: A hand with an Ace and a 6 is a Soft 17 (Ace = 11, 6 = 6, total = 17).

Hard 17

  • Definition: A Hard 17 is a hand that does not include an Ace or has an Ace counted as 1. For example, a hand with a 10 and a 7 is a Hard 17.
  • No Flexibility: The Ace, if present, is counted as 1, and there is no option to count it as 11 without busting.
  • Example: A hand with a 10 and a 7 is a Hard 17 (10 = 10, 7 = 7, total = 17).

Impact on Gameplay

Dealer’s Rule

  • Soft 17 Rule: In many casinos, the dealer is required to hit on a Soft 17. This rule can affect the house edge.
  • Hard 17 Rule: The dealer stands on all 17s, including Hard 17s.

Player’s Strategy

  • Soft 17: As a player, you should always hit on a Soft 17 because you can’t bust by taking another card. The Ace provides a safety net.
  • Hard 17: As a player, you should generally stand on a Hard 17 because hitting risks busting.

House Edge Considerations

  • Dealer Hits on Soft 17: This rule increases the house edge by about 0.2%. It gives the dealer a better chance to improve their hand.
  • Dealer Stands on Soft 17: This rule decreases the house edge, making the game slightly more favorable to the player.

Practical Examples

Example 1: Player’s Hand

  • Soft 17 (Ace + 6): You should hit to potentially improve your hand without risking a bust.
  • Hard 17 (10 + 7): You should stand to avoid busting.

Example 2: Dealer’s Hand

  • Soft 17 (Ace + 6): The dealer is required to hit, which could lead to a bust or a stronger hand.
  • Hard 17 (10 + 7): The dealer must stand, ending their turn.

Understanding the difference between Soft 17 and Hard 17 is crucial for effective blackjack strategy. As a player, knowing when to hit or stand based on the composition of your hand can significantly impact your chances of winning. Additionally, being aware of the dealer’s rules regarding Soft 17 can help you make informed decisions and potentially reduce the house edge.

blackjack 5 to 6

Blackjack is one of the most popular casino games, known for its simplicity and strategic depth. Among the various rules and strategies that govern the game, the “5 to 6” rule is a lesser-known but significant aspect that can impact your gameplay. This article delves into what the 5 to 6 rule entails and how it affects your blackjack experience.

What is the 5 to 6 Rule?

The 5 to 6 rule in blackjack refers to a specific condition where the dealer must draw on a soft 17 (a hand that includes an Ace counted as 11, making the total 17). This rule is crucial because it dictates whether the dealer must hit or stand on a soft 17, which can significantly influence the house edge and the overall dynamics of the game.

Key Points of the 5 to 6 Rule

  • Dealer Hits on Soft 17: Under the 5 to 6 rule, the dealer is required to hit on a soft 17. This means that if the dealer’s initial two cards total 17 with an Ace counted as 11, they must take another card.
  • House Edge Impact: This rule increases the house edge by approximately 0.2% compared to the rule where the dealer stands on all 17s. This slight increase can make a difference in the long run, especially for frequent players.
  • Strategic Adjustments: Players must adjust their strategies accordingly. For instance, knowing that the dealer will hit on a soft 17 means that players might be more inclined to stand on certain hands to avoid busting against a potential dealer bust.

How to Play Under the 5 to 6 Rule

Understanding and adapting to the 5 to 6 rule requires a few strategic adjustments. Here are some tips to help you navigate this rule effectively:

1. Know When to Stand

  • Against a Dealer’s Soft 17: Since the dealer will hit on a soft 17, you should be more cautious about standing on hands that could bust if the dealer draws another card.
  • Strong Hands: Always stand on strong hands like 17 or higher, as the dealer’s potential to improve is limited.

2. Adjust Splitting and Doubling Down

  • Splitting Aces and Eights: Continue to split Aces and Eights as usual, as these are generally favorable splits.
  • Doubling Down: Be more selective when doubling down, especially against a dealer’s soft 17. Consider the potential for the dealer to improve their hand significantly.

3. Use Basic Strategy Charts

  • Custom Charts: Utilize basic strategy charts that are tailored for the 5 to 6 rule. These charts will provide specific guidance on when to hit, stand, split, or double down based on the dealer’s action.
  • Practice: Familiarize yourself with these charts through practice sessions to ensure you can make quick, accurate decisions at the table.

The 5 to 6 rule in blackjack adds an extra layer of complexity to the game, requiring players to adapt their strategies to account for the dealer’s mandatory hit on a soft 17. By understanding this rule and making the necessary adjustments, you can better manage the house edge and improve your chances of winning. Whether you’re a casual player or a seasoned veteran, being aware of the 5 to 6 rule can enhance your blackjack experience and potentially boost your overall success at the table.

Vegas blackjack rules soft

Blackjack is one of the most popular casino games worldwide, and Las Vegas is often considered its spiritual home. The rules of blackjack in Vegas can vary slightly from other regions, and understanding these nuances, especially when dealing with soft hands, is crucial for any serious player.

What is a Soft Hand in Blackjack?

A soft hand in blackjack is any hand that includes an Ace counted as 11 without busting. For example, an Ace and a 6 is a soft 17. The term “soft” indicates that the hand can change because the Ace can be counted as 1 instead of 11, which would make the hand a hard hand.

Examples of Soft Hands:

  • Ace and 6 (Soft 17)
  • Ace and 3 (Soft 14)
  • Ace and 9 (Soft 20)

Vegas Blackjack Rules: Soft Hands

In Las Vegas, the rules for playing soft hands are generally standard, but it’s essential to be aware of the specific house rules at each casino. Here are the key points to consider:

1. Hit or Stand?

  • Soft 17 or Lower: It is generally advisable to hit on any soft hand totaling 17 or lower. This increases your chances of improving your hand without risking a bust.
  • Soft 18 or Higher: With a soft 18 or higher, the decision becomes more nuanced. You might choose to stand if the dealer’s upcard is weak (2 through 6), but hitting might be a better option if the dealer’s upcard is strong (7 through Ace).

2. Double Down on Soft Hands

  • Soft 13 to Soft 18: Many Vegas casinos allow you to double down on soft hands ranging from 13 to 18. This can be a powerful strategy if you believe the dealer has a weak hand.
  • Soft 19 and Above: Doubling down on soft 19 or higher is generally not recommended unless the dealer’s upcard is very weak.

3. Split and Resplit

  • Aces and Eights: Always split Aces and Eights. Splitting Aces gives you a chance to draw two strong hands, and splitting Eights can turn a potentially weak hand into two better ones.
  • Other Pairs: The decision to split other pairs depends on the dealer’s upcard and the specific house rules. Some casinos allow resplitting of Aces, which can be advantageous.

4. Surrender

  • Early Surrender: Some Vegas casinos offer early surrender, which allows you to forfeit half your bet before the dealer checks for blackjack. This can be particularly useful with a soft hand against a dealer’s strong upcard.
  • Late Surrender: If early surrender is not available, late surrender (after the dealer checks for blackjack) can still be a viable option.

Tips for Playing Soft Hands in Vegas Blackjack

  1. Know the House Rules: Each casino may have slightly different rules regarding doubling down, splitting, and surrendering. Familiarize yourself with these rules before playing.
  2. Use Basic Strategy: Adhering to basic strategy charts can significantly improve your odds. These charts provide the optimal play for every possible situation.
  3. Manage Your Bankroll: Blackjack can be unpredictable, so managing your bankroll effectively is crucial. Set limits for losses and wins to ensure you can enjoy the game responsibly.
  4. Practice: If you’re new to blackjack or unsure about playing soft hands, consider practicing online or at a low-stakes table before diving into higher-stakes games.

Understanding how to play soft hands in Vegas blackjack can give you a strategic edge over the house. By knowing the rules, using basic strategy, and managing your bankroll, you can enhance your gaming experience and potentially increase your chances of winning. Whether you’re a seasoned player or a newcomer, mastering soft hands is a key component of becoming a successful blackjack player in Las Vegas.

Frequently Questions

How is a soft 17 defined in blackjack and what are its implications?

In blackjack, a soft 17 is a hand that includes an Ace counted as 11, such as Ace-6. This hand is considered 'soft' because the Ace can be reduced to 1 if needed to avoid busting. The implications of a soft 17 vary by casino rules. Some casinos require the dealer to stand on all 17s, while others mandate hitting on a soft 17, which increases the house edge slightly. Players should be aware of these rules as hitting on a soft 17 can lead to a bust more often, affecting both the dealer's strategy and the overall game dynamics.

At what point must the dealer hit in a game of blackjack?

In blackjack, the dealer must hit until their total reaches at least 17. This rule is standard across most casinos and ensures a fair game. If the dealer's hand is 16 or lower, they must draw another card. However, if they have a 'soft 17' (a hand including an Ace counted as 11), rules may vary; some casinos require the dealer to hit on soft 17, while others allow them to stand. Understanding these rules helps players make informed decisions and enhances their strategy, whether they are beginners or seasoned players.

 

What are the Vegas blackjack rules for soft hands?

In Vegas blackjack, a soft hand includes an Ace that can be counted as 11 without busting. When dealt a soft hand, players can choose to hit, stand, double down, or split, depending on the dealer's up card and their own hand. For example, a soft 17 (Ace-6) can be hit to improve the hand without risk of busting. Doubling down on soft hands is allowed, but splitting is typically restricted to pairs. The key strategy is to maximize the potential of the Ace's flexibility, aiming for a strong hand without exceeding 21. Understanding these rules can significantly enhance your blackjack gameplay in Vegas.

What is the basic strategy for playing 6 5 blackjack?

In 6-5 blackjack, the key strategy is to maximize your odds despite the lower payout for blackjack. Always split Aces and 8s, and never split 5s or 10s. Stand on hard 17 or more, and hit on hard 8 or less. For soft hands, stand on soft 19 or more, and hit on soft 17 or less. Double down on 10 or 11 against a dealer's 9 or lower. Remember, the house edge is higher in 6-5 blackjack, so manage your bankroll carefully and consider playing at tables with better odds if available.

At what point must the dealer hit in a game of blackjack?

In blackjack, the dealer must hit until their total reaches at least 17. This rule is standard across most casinos and ensures a fair game. If the dealer's hand is 16 or lower, they must draw another card. However, if they have a 'soft 17' (a hand including an Ace counted as 11), rules may vary; some casinos require the dealer to hit on soft 17, while others allow them to stand. Understanding these rules helps players make informed decisions and enhances their strategy, whether they are beginners or seasoned players.